Domain-specifc knowledge vs. domain-independent knowledge

Problem solving requires both general problem solving skills and domain specific knowledge. Logical reasoning and creative thinking, for example, are essential in finding a smart solution to a challenging problem. These skills usually can be applied to different fields. That's why some CEOs got to transfer to work in an industry that they did not have much experience. However, if they are to work in, say, a hospital or manufacturing firm, they must possess much knowledge that is unique to the industry. They must know a lot about the product/service, operational processes, and other areas in order to make good decisions. The 80/20 rule is still helpful here. The higher the rank, the more important the general (or domain-independent) knowledge and the less crucial the domain-specific knowledge. Workers and mangers at the lower and middle managerial levels usually contribute mainly by possessing and applying their domain-specific knowledge.

Where does the domain-specific knowledge come from? Some from education. A lot from working experience. Education provides general frameworks. But it's working in the field that substantiates and solidifies the working knowledge. Being in the field is critical in building the expertise in a particular domain. It is important that, if a knowledge management initiate is to be effective, the organization must develop its own implementation program. Looking to benchmarks is a good start and often inspiring. Ultimately, a successful knowledge management program must embody the unique characteristics of the organization.